An allergy is an abnormal or hypersensitive immune response to a substance that is typically harmless to most people. This substance, known as an allergen, triggers an immune reaction in individuals who are sensitive or allergic to it. Allergies can manifest in a variety of ways and affect different parts of the body.
Allergies can significantly impact a person's quality of life, but with proper diagnosis and management, many individuals can lead healthy and symptom-free lives despite their allergies.
Symptoms
Itching: Persistent itching that can range from mild to severe.
Redness: Red, inflamed areas on the skin, often in patches.
Rash: Raised, red, or pink spots that may spread across the skin.
Hives: Raised, swollen welts that are red or flesh-colored and often itchy.
Swelling: Puffiness or swelling in specific areas, particularly around the eyes, lips, or face.
Dry, Scaly Skin: Areas of skin that become dry, flaky, or rough.
Blisters: Small fluid-filled bumps that may ooze or crust over.
Burning Sensation: A stinging or burning feeling in the affected area.
Cracking: Cracked or fissured skin, especially in areas prone to dryness.
Peeling: Flaking or peeling of the skin, often following severe irritation.
Causes
Contact with Irritants: Direct exposure to chemicals, soaps, or detergents that can irritate the skin.
Allergic Reactions to Cosmetics: Sensitivity to ingredients in makeup, lotions, or perfumes.
Exposure to Plants: Contact with plants like poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac that release irritating oils.
Food Allergies: Allergic reactions to foods like nuts, shellfish, or dairy that manifest on the skin.
Insect Bites or Stings: Reactions to bites or stings from insects like mosquitoes, bees, or ants.
Medications: Allergic reactions to medications applied to or taken into the body, leading to skin symptoms.
Nickel Allergy: Sensitivity to nickel found in jewelry, belt buckles, or other metal items.
Latex Allergy: Reactions to natural rubber latex found in gloves, balloons, or medical equipment.
Heat or Sweat: Skin irritation caused by excessive sweating or heat, leading to conditions like heat rash.
Underlying Conditions: Skin allergies can also be associated with conditions like eczema, psoriasis, or dermatitis.
