Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects the airways in the lungs, making it difficult for individuals with asthma to breathe. It is characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which can lead to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. Asthma symptoms can range from mild to severe and can vary in frequency.
Symptoms of Asthma
Shortness of Breath: Difficulty breathing, especially during physical activity or at night.
Wheezing: A high-pitched whistling sound when breathing, particularly on exhalation.
Coughing: Persistent coughing, often worse at night or early in the morning.
Chest Tightness: A feeling of pressure or tightness in the chest, making it difficult to breathe deeply.
Difficulty Sleeping: Trouble sleeping due to coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath.
Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired or fatigued, especially after exertion or during an asthma flare-up.
Increased Mucus Production: Excessive mucus or phlegm in the airways, which can further obstruct breathing.
Causes of Asthma
Genetics: A family history of asthma or other allergic conditions increases the likelihood of developing asthma.
Environmental Triggers: Exposure to allergens like pollen, dust mites, mold, pet dander, or cockroach droppings can trigger asthma symptoms.
Air Pollutants: Exposure to cigarette smoke, air pollution, chemicals, or strong odors can exacerbate asthma.
Respiratory Infections: Viral infections, such as the common cold or flu, can trigger or worsen asthma symptoms.
Exercise: Physical activity, especially in cold or dry air, can induce exercise-induced asthma.
Weather Conditions: Cold air, high humidity, or sudden changes in weather can trigger asthma symptoms.
Stress: Emotional stress or anxiety can trigger or worsen asthma symptoms.
Certain Medications: Medications like beta-blockers, aspirin, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can trigger asthma in some individuals.
Occupational Hazards: Exposure to chemicals, dust, or fumes in the workplace can lead to occupational asthma.
Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase the risk of developing asthma and worsen symptoms.
