Chronic constipation is a common digestive problem characterized by infrequent bowel movements, difficulty passing stools, and a sensation of incomplete emptying of the bowels. It is considered chronic when these symptoms persist for an extended period, typically for at least three months. Chronic constipation can have various causes, and its management may require lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, and sometimes medical interventions.
Symptoms of Chronic Constipation
Infrequent Bowel Movements: Less than three bowel movements per week.
Straining: Difficulty or straining during bowel movements.
Hard or Lumpy Stools: Stools that are dry, hard, and difficult to pass.
Feeling of Incomplete Evacuation: A sensation that the bowel has not been fully emptied after a bowel movement.
Abdominal Discomfort: Cramping, bloating, or discomfort in the abdomen.
Reduced Stool Frequency: Noticeable decrease in the frequency of bowel movements compared to usual patterns.
Nausea: Occasional nausea due to the buildup of waste in the intestines.
Rectal Pain: Pain or discomfort in the rectum, especially if straining is frequent.
Causes of Chronic Constipation
Dietary Factors: Low intake of dietary fiber, insufficient fluid intake, or a diet high in processed foods can contribute to constipation.
Lack of Physical Activity: Sedentary lifestyle or prolonged periods of inactivity can slow down bowel movements.
Medications: Certain medications, such as opioids, antidepressants, and antacids containing aluminum or calcium, can cause constipation.
Medical Conditions: Conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), diabetes, hypothyroidism, and neurological disorders (e.g., Parkinson’s disease) can lead to chronic constipation.
Digestive Disorders: Conditions like diverticulosis, colorectal cancer, or inflammatory bowel diseases (e.g., Crohn's disease) can contribute to constipation.
Ignoring the Urge to Defecate: Habitually ignoring the urge to have a bowel movement can lead to constipation over time.
Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: Problems with the pelvic floor muscles or nerves can hinder the normal process of bowel movements.
Changes in Routine: Travel, changes in routine, or stress can affect bowel habits and lead to constipation.
It's important to consult a healthcare provider if you are experiencing chronic constipation, especially if it is persistent or accompanied by other concerning symptoms. A healthcare provider can help determine the underlying cause, recommend appropriate treatments, and rule out more serious conditions that may present with similar symptoms.
